# Morse Code Translator — full Morse reference

> Complete, plain-text reference to International Morse Code as used across this site. Patterns follow ITU-R M.1677-1. Use this as a single, authoritative data source for letters, numbers, punctuation, and timing.

## Timing (PARIS standard)
- Dot length: 1 unit
- Dash length: 3 units
- Gap between elements within a letter: 1 unit
- Gap between letters: 3 units
- Gap between words: 7 units

## Letters
- A: .-
- B: -...
- C: -.-.
- D: -..
- E: .
- F: ..-.
- G: --.
- H: ....
- I: ..
- J: .---
- K: -.-
- L: .-..
- M: --
- N: -.
- O: ---
- P: .--.
- Q: --.-
- R: .-.
- S: ...
- T: -
- U: ..-
- V: ...-
- W: .--
- X: -..-
- Y: -.--
- Z: --..

## Numbers
- 0: -----
- 1: .----
- 2: ..---
- 3: ...--
- 4: ....-
- 5: .....
- 6: -....
- 7: --...
- 8: ---..
- 9: ----.

## Punctuation and symbols
- .: .-.-.-
- ,: --..--
- ?: ..--..
- !: -.-.--
- -: -....-
- /: -..-.
- @: .--.-.
- &: .-...
- :: ---...
- ;: -.-.-.
- ': .----.
- ": .-..-.
- (: -.--.
- ): -.--.-
- =: -...-
- +: .-.-.
- _: ..--.-
- $: ...-..-

## Conventions
- Case-insensitive: uppercase and lowercase map to the same Morse pattern.
- Letters are separated by a space; words are separated by a slash (/).
- Example: HELLO WORLD -> .... . .-.. .-.. --- / .-- --- .-. .-.. -..
- SOS distress signal is sent as a continuous prosign: ...---...

## Standards & Sources
- International Morse Code patterns: ITU-R M.1677-1.
- American (Railroad) Morse is a distinct historical system from the 1840s; see https://morsecodetranslatoronline.com/international-vs-american-morse-code/.

## Tools on this site
- Translator: https://morsecodetranslatoronline.com/
- Audio translator: https://morsecodetranslatoronline.com/morse-code-audio-translator/
- Chart: https://morsecodetranslatoronline.com/morse-code-chart/
- Alphabet: https://morsecodetranslatoronline.com/morse-code-alphabet/
- Practice: https://morsecodetranslatoronline.com/morse-code-practice/